{"id":3233,"date":"2026-09-12T21:26:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-12T21:26:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/blog\/how-do-you-calculate-voltage-drop-across-a-resistor\/"},"modified":"2026-09-15T07:34:49","modified_gmt":"2026-09-15T07:34:49","slug":"how-do-you-calculate-voltage-drop-across-a-resistor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/blog\/how-do-you-calculate-voltage-drop-across-a-resistor\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645: V = I \u00d7 R.<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 V\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 I\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 R. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0651\u0642.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"lbaji-key-takeaways\"><h2>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2><ul><li>\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/li><li>\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/li><li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full lbaji-product-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/how-do-you-calculate-voltage-drop-across-a-resistor-body-022.png\" alt=\"LBAJI product equipment illustrating how do you calculate voltage drop across a resistor\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><figcaption>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c LBAJI \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u061b \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h2>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f<\/h2><p>\u062a\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642. \u0627\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642. \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0646<\/h2><p>\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/h2><p>\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 (\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f). \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0643\u0640 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646. \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/h2><p>\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 M\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631. \u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full lbaji-product-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/how-do-you-calculate-voltage-drop-across-a-resistor-body-023.png\" alt=\"LBAJI product equipment illustrating how do you calculate voltage drop across a resistor\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><figcaption>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c LBAJI \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u061b \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h2>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 P = V \u00d7 I<\/h2><p>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642. \u0627\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p><p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0650\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646. \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/h2><p>\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631. \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637-\u0625\u0644\u0649-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637-\u0625\u0644\u0649-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633.<\/p><p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643. \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0645\u0627\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h2><p>\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f. \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/h2><p>\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645. \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f (V) \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 (I) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 (R) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645. \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645. \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f (V) \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 (I) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 (R) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645. \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0650\u0651\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a. \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646. \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629<\/h2><div style=\"overflow-x:auto\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629<\/th><th>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647<\/th><th>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/td><td>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/td><td>\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td><td>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642<\/td><td>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644<\/td><td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0622\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0640 LBAJI<\/h2><p>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c <a href=\"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/product\/kyn28a-12-metal-clad-withdrawable-ac-switchgear\/\">\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 KYN28A-12<\/a>. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/blog\/3-phase-transformer-calculations-calculator-and-formula-guide\/\">\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/blog\/amps-convert-to-kva-calculator-and-formula-guide\/\">\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/blog\/34-5kv-switchgear-guide\/\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u062f 34.5 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"lbaji-video\"><h2>\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/h2><p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 Wisc-Online (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0640 WisTech Open) \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p><div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/Iii_0RcUHyA\" title=\"\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allow=\"accelerometer; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Iii_0RcUHyA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0628<\/a>.<\/p><\/div>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full lbaji-product-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/how-do-you-calculate-voltage-drop-across-a-resistor-body-024.png\" alt=\"LBAJI product equipment illustrating how do you calculate voltage drop across a resistor\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><figcaption>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c LBAJI \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u061b \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<section class=\"lbaji-technical-references\"><h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/physics\/pages\/19-1-ohms-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0643\u0633: \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/pml\/owm\/si-units-electric-current\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 (NIST): \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/electrical\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0648\u0634\u0627)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/section>\n\n<h2>\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h2><p>\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645: V = I \u00d7 R. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0640 V\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0640 I\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0640 R. \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0642. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0645: V = I \u00d7 R. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0650\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0640 V\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0640 I\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0640 R. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0639...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":3297,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[84,83,75],"class_list":["post-3233","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-electrical-engineering-guides","tag-electrical-calculations","tag-power-distribution","tag-switchgear"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3233","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3233"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3233\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3301,"href":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3233\/revisions\/3301"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3297"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3233"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3233"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lbajiele.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3233"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}